--- title: "Deploying Next.js to Kubernetes on Ubuntu with Jenkins" description: "A detailed guide to integrating Jenkins and Kubernetes on Ubuntu Linux to build a complete CI/CD pipeline for pulling code from GitHub, building a Docker image, pushing to a registry, and automatically deploying a Next.js application." canonical_url: "https://blog.markkulab.net/en/post/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes" author: "Mark Ku" author_url: "https://blog.markkulab.net/en/author/mark-ku" site: "Mark Ku's Tech Notes" date_published: "2024-11-17 01:01:35 +0800" category: "DevOps" tags: ["kubernetes", "docker", "ubuntu", "jenkins", "next.js", "pipeline", "ci/cd"] language: "en" license: "CC BY 4.0" license_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" attribution: "when reusing or quoting, credit the author and link back to the original" --- # Deploying Next.js to Kubernetes on Ubuntu with Jenkins ## Introduction [I've previously explored integrating Jenkins with Kubernetes on Windows Desktop](https://blog.markkulab.net/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/), and this time, I'm going to try integrating Jenkins with Kubernetes on Linux. ## Prerequisites * Docker, Kubernetes, and a Registry installed on Ubuntu * Jenkins * A Next.js project with its YAML configuration file ready. ## First, Install Kubernetes Dashboard, Generate a ServiceAccount, and Get the Token (this token will be used by Jenkins) ### Install Kubernetes Dashboard ```bash kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml ``` ### Create an admin user ```bash sudo vim dashboard-adminuser.yaml ``` ### Create an admin user ```yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: admin-user roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: admin-user namespace: kubernetes-dashboard ``` ### Create service account ```bash kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml ``` ### Get admin token ```bash kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard create token admin-user --duration=876000h ``` ### Start the Proxy ``` kubectl proxy ``` ### You can now visit the following link to log in to the Dashboard ``` http://localhost:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/#/login ``` ![dashboard](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/dashboard.png) ### Install Jenkins Refer to my previous [article](https://blog.markkulab.net/docker-jenkins-build-docker-image-and-github-integration/) for instructions. ### Install kubectl in the Jenkins container ```bash docker exec -it -uroot jenkins bash // 進入jenkins 容器中 curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.29.1/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl // 下載 kubectl chmod +x ./kubectl // 給予權限 mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl // 複製到系統環境資料夾 kubectl version --client // 查詢版本 ``` P.S. It's best if the kubectl versions on Ubuntu and in the Jenkins container match. ### Copy kubectl configuration to the Jenkins container (execute line by line) ```bash docker exec -it -uroot jenkins /bin/bash mkdir -p /.kube exit docker cp ~/.kube/config jenkins:/root/.kube ``` ### Connect Jenkins to Kubernetes via the Kubernetes CLI 1. To connect Jenkins to Kubernetes, you need to install a few plugins. Go to Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins. * Kubernetes plugin * Kubernetes CLI Plugin ![install kubernetes plugin](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/install-kubernetes-plugin.png) 2. [Set up cloud](http://localhost:8080/configureClouds/) ![set up cloud](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/set-cloud.png) 3. Set Disable https certificate check => true ![disable http certificate check](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/disable-http-certificate-check.png) 4. Kubernetes URL => On Ubuntu, you can find the URL with `kubectl cluster-info`. ![disable http certificate check](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/kubectl cluster-info.png.png) ``` https://192.168.50.50:6443 // 192.168.50.50是我家的Ubuntu 內網的主機IP ``` 5. Jenkins URL Jenkins URL:http://host.docker.internal:8080/ Jenkins tunnel:https://192.168.50.50:50000 6. Credentials => ![add public key to jenkins](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/add-public-key-to-jenkins.png) 7. Copy dashboard token to here ![Copy dashboard token to here](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/copy-dashboard-token-to-here.png) ### Write the Jenkins pipeline ```groovy properties([pipelineTriggers([githubPush()])]) pipeline { agent any environment { tag = ':latest' imageShortName = 'k8s-next-ec' imageName = "${imageShortName}${tag}" containerName = "${imageShortName}-1" dockerfile = "./Dockerfile" registryUrl = "192.168.50.50:5000" registry = "${registryUrl}/${imageShortName}" } stages { stage("GitHub Pull") { steps { git branch: 'main', credentialsId: 'e85233ad-a3c5-448b-a6ea-9f53e4f9b3f1', url: 'git@github.com:markku636/ec.git/' } } stage("Building Docker Image") { steps { script { dockerImage = docker.build "$registry${tag}" } } } stage("Deploying to Registry Server") { steps { script { docker.withRegistry("","") { dockerImage.push("latest") } } } } stage("Cleaning Up") { steps { sleep(time: 3, unit: "SECONDS") sh "docker rmi --force $registry:latest" } } stage("Deply") { steps { withKubeConfig([credentialsId: 'k8s-secret', serverUrl: 'https://192.168.50.50:6443']) { sh 'kubectl apply -f ./next-js-deployment.yaml' sh 'kubectl rollout restart deployment/k8s-next-ec' } } } } } ``` ## Create the Kubernetes YAML deployment configuration file (next-js-deployment.yaml) in the Github next-ec project ```yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: k8s-next-ec labels: app: k8s-next-ec spec: selector: matchLabels: app: k8s-next-ec tier: web template: metadata: labels: app: k8s-next-ec tier: web spec: containers: - name: k8s-next-ec-app image: 192.168.50.50:5000/k8s-next-ec:latest ports: - containerPort: 3000 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: k8s-next-ec labels: app: k8s-next-ec spec: selector: app: k8s-next-ec type: NodePort ports: - name: http protocol: TCP port: 3000 targetPort: 3000 nodePort: 30066 ``` Now, run the build in Jenkins, and you should see it succeed. ![Jenkins build result](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes/images/final.png) ## Appendix - If you encounter a permission error like the one below ERROR: permission denied while trying to connect to the Docker daemon socket at unix:///var/run/docker.sock: Head "http://%2Fvar%2Frun%2Fdocker.sock/_ping": dial unix /var/run/docker.sock: connect: permission denied Quick fix ```bash sudo chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock ``` Permanent fix ``` sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/docker-sock-permission.service ``` ``` [Unit] Description=Set permission on /var/run/docker.sock After=docker.service Requires=docker.service [Service] Type=oneshot ExecStart=/bin/chmod 777 /var/run/docker.sock RemainAfterExit=true [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target ``` Reload systemd and enable the service ``` sudo systemctl daemon-reexec sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl enable docker-sock-permission.service sudo systemctl start docker-sock-permission.service sudo systemctl status docker-sock-permission.service ``` ## References * [Using the Kubernetes Dashboard GUI to Manage a Cluster](https://ciao-chung.com/page/article/kubernetes-dashboard-manage-cluster) * [Upgrading Your Cloud Run CI/CD with Jenkins](https://manel-lemin.medium.com/upgrading-your-cloud-run-ci-cd-with-jenkins-92a3717e9f1c) * [How to Deploy application on GKE using Jenkins](https://blog.knoldus.com/how-to-deploy-application-on-gke-using-jenkins/) --- ## About this article and its author Originally published on [Mark Ku's Tech Notes](https://blog.markkulab.net/en/post/jenkins-deploy-nextjs-to-ubuntu-kubernetes) License: [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) — when reusing or quoting, credit the author and link back to the original ### About the author **[Mark Ku](https://blog.markkulab.net/en/author/mark-ku)** — Software Solution Provider - 10+ years senior software engineer, now an AI Builder - Focused on large-platform architecture — North-American e-commerce, AI SaaS subscription billing - Combining AI Agents and automation to build evolvable product foundations ### Free tools built by the author All of these are free to use: - [Free PDF Sign Tool](https://blog.markkulab.net/en/tools/pdf-sign): Online PDF sign tool — draw, type, or upload a signature, then drag, resize, and download. 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