--- title: "Docker Desktop for Windows + Jenkins + Kubernetes Deployment Notes" description: "This guide explains how to enable Kubernetes in Windows Docker Desktop and integrate a Jenkins Pipeline to implement a complete, automated workflow for building Docker images and deploying them to a local K8s cluster." canonical_url: "https://blog.markkulab.net/en/post/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows" author: "Mark Ku" author_url: "https://blog.markkulab.net/en/author/mark-ku" site: "Mark Ku's Tech Notes" date_published: "2024-03-06 01:01:35 +0800" category: "DevOps" tags: ["kubernetes", "docker", "windows", "jenkins", "pipeline", "ci/cd", "devops"] language: "en" license: "CC BY 4.0" license_url: "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" attribution: "when reusing or quoting, credit the author and link back to the original" --- # Docker Desktop for Windows + Jenkins + Kubernetes Deployment Notes ## Background As the number of containers at my company grew, managing them across several Docker Desktop instances became difficult to orchestrate and scale horizontally. So, I spent some time researching how to install Jenkins and integrate it with Kubernetes within Docker Desktop for Windows. ## Why Use Kubernetes? 1. On-demand vertical scaling: easily add or remove new servers (nodes) and manage intra-cluster communication. 1. Automatic horizontal scaling and resource reduction based on demand. 1. Service and performance monitoring. 1. Auto Recovery 1. Server resource optimization. 1. Load balancing (traffic splitting). 1. Service circuit breaking. 1. Automated deployments and rollbacks, with automatic rollback if the application state is incorrect. 1. Hybrid cloud deployment. ## Why Use Kubernetes on Windows? The company doesn't have Linux servers, and most team members are not proficient with Linux. ## Deployment Flow ![Kubernetes deployment flow](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/windows-k8s-deployment.png) ## Prerequisites ### 1. Install Docker Desktop, and check the boxes for Kubernetes and Show system containers ![Setting up Windows Docker](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/set-up-widnows-docker.png) P.S. After you click Apply, the connection file at `%USERPROFILE%\.kube\config` will be created automatically. ### 2. Set up a Private Docker Registry Server ``` docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -e REGISTRY_STORAGE_DELETE_ENABLED=true --name registry registry:2 docker update --restart always registry ``` ### 3. Configure Docker Engine to add the private IP ``` "insecure-registries": [ "192.168.50.49:5000" ] ``` P.S. 192.168.50.49 is the IP of my test machine. You can visit http://192.168.50.49:5000/v2/_catalog to check which images are currently in the private Docker registry. ## Configure Kubernetes ### Dashboard ``` kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml kubectl get pod -n kubernetes-dashboard kubectl proxy 訪問此目錄 http://127.0.0.1:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kubernetes-dashboard/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/#/login ``` ### First, let's create a token (this token will be used by Jenkins) ``` kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system (kubectl get secrets -n kube-system | Select-String "dashboard" | ForEach-Object { $_ -split " " | Select-Object -First 1 }) ``` ### Query the Token ``` $TOKEN=((kubectl -n kube-system describe secret default | Select-String "token:") -split " +")[1] kubectl config set-credentials docker-for-desktop --token="${TOKEN}" echo $TOKEN ``` ![Get token](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/get-token.png) You can also find the token in the config file. ``` kubectl config view // 同等於訪問 %USERPROFILE%\.kube\config ``` ![kube config](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/kube-config.png) ## Configure Kubernetes in Jenkins ### Install Jenkins Refer to the previously written [article](https://blog.markkulab.net/docker-jenkins-build-docker-image-and-github-integration/). ### Install kubectl in the Jenkins container ``` docker exec -it -uroot jenkins bash // 進入jenkins 容器中 curl -LO https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.29.1/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl // 下載 kubectl chmod +x ./kubectl // 給予權限 mv ./kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl // 複製到系統環境資料夾 kubectl version --client // 查詢版本 ``` P.S. It's best if the kubectl versions in Docker Desktop and the Jenkins container match. ### Copy kubectl configuration to the Jenkins container (execute line by line) ``` docker exec -it -uroot jenkins /bin/bash mkdir -p /.kube exit docker cp C:/Users/Mark/.kube jenkins:/root/.kube // 複製檔案到 Jenkins 容器中 ``` ### Connect Jenkins to Kubernetes via the Kubernetes CLI 1. To connect Jenkins to Kubernetes, you need to install a few plugins. Go to **Manage Jenkins > Manage Plugins**. * Kubernetes plugin * Kubernetes CLI Plugin ![Install Kubernetes plugin](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/install-kubernetes-plugin.png) 2. [Set up cloud](http://localhost:8080/configureClouds/) ![Set up cloud](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/set-cloud.png) 3. Set Disable https certificate check => true ![Disable HTTPS certificate check](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/disable-http-certificate-check.png) 4. Kubernetes URL => kubectl cluster-info https://host.docker.internal:6443 5. Jenkins URL Jenkins URL:http://host.docker.internal:8080/ Jenkins tunnel:host.docker.internal:50000 6. Credentials => ![Add public key to Jenkins](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/add-public-key-to-jenkins.png) 7. Copy dashboard token to here ![Copy dashboard token to here](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/copy-dashboard-token-to-here.png) ### Write the Jenkins Pipeline ``` properties([pipelineTriggers([githubPush()])]) pipeline { agent any environment { tag = ':latest' imageShortName = 'de-next-ap' imageName = "${imageShortName}${tag}" containerName = "${imageShortName}-1" containerUrl = "192.168.50.49:2376" dockerfile = "./Dockerfile" registry = "192.168.50.49:5000/next-ec" } stages { stage("GitHub Pull") { steps { git branch: 'main', credentialsId: '946a703f-dff7-4138-84b2-0aba700dedca', url: 'git@github.com:markku636/ec.git/' } } stage("Building Docker Image") { steps { script { dockerImage = docker.build "$registry:latest" } } } stage("Deploying to Registry Server") { steps { script { docker.withRegistry("http://192.168.50.49:5000", "") { dockerImage.push() } } } } stage("Cleaning Up") { steps { sleep(time: 3, unit: "SECONDS") sh "docker rmi --force $registry:latest" } } stage("Deply") { steps { withKubeConfig([credentialsId: 'k8s-secret', serverUrl: 'https://host.docker.internal:6443']) { sh 'kubectl apply -f ./next-js-deployment.yaml' } } } } } ``` ## Create the Kubernetes YAML Deployment Config File (next-js-deployment.yaml) in the Github next-ec Project ``` apiVersion: v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: nextjs-deployment labels: app: nextjs spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: nextjs template: metadata: labels: app: nextjs spec: containers: - name: nextjs image: 192.168.50.49:5000/next-ec:latest ports: - containerPort: 80 resources: limits: memory: "128Mi" cpu: "500m" --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: nextjs-service spec: type: NodePort selector: app: nextjs ports: - protocol: TCP port: 80 targetPort: 80 nodePort: 30099 ``` At this point, running the Jenkins build should succeed. ![Jenkins execution result](https://blog.markkulab.net/content/markku/posts/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/images/final.png) ## Conclusion K8s features and configuration are quite complex. The setup alone took a significant amount of time, and many details still require further experimentation and testing. ## Other Issues Encountered ### 1. "no matcher for kind 'Deploy' in version 'v1'" issue I had to change the `apiVersion` in the YAML file a few times. Make sure to write your YAML deployment file according to the latest [official documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#type-nodeport). ### 2. kubectl: command not found [You need to install kubectl in the Jenkins container](https://blog.markkulab.net/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows/#%E5%9C%A8jenkins-%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%AD%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%9D-kubectl). ## References * [Learning DevOps from Scratch and Deploying CI/CD to a Java Project](https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10339029) * [Delivering Microservices to Kubernetes via Jenkins](https://blog.csdn.net/m0_53758775/article/details/121157016?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522170578082016800186589323%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fvipall.%2522%257D&request_id=170578082016800186589323&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~vipall~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-3-121157016-null-null&utm_term=windows%20%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85kubernetes%20jenkins&spm=1018.2226.3001.4187) * [Installing Jenkins and other software on Windows with Docker Desktop and K8s](https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40250122/article/details/120966650?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2~default~baidujs_utm_term~default-1-120966650-blog-121157016.235^v40^pc_relevant_anti_vip_base&spm=1001.2101.3001.4242.1&utm_relevant_index=4) * [Jenkins shell script error: bash: kubectl: command not found](https://blog.csdn.net/m0_45806184/article/details/128190069) --- ## About this article and its author Originally published on [Mark Ku's Tech Notes](https://blog.markkulab.net/en/post/jenkins-deploy-kubernetes-with-docker-for-windows) License: [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) — when reusing or quoting, credit the author and link back to the original ### About the author **[Mark Ku](https://blog.markkulab.net/en/author/mark-ku)** — Software Solution Provider - 10+ years senior software engineer, now an AI Builder - Focused on large-platform architecture — North-American e-commerce, AI SaaS subscription billing - Combining AI Agents and automation to build evolvable product foundations ### Free tools built by the author All of these are free to use: - [Free PDF Sign Tool](https://blog.markkulab.net/en/tools/pdf-sign): Online PDF sign tool — draw, type, or upload a signature, then drag, resize, and download. 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